Effects of Three Resistance Strength Training Methods on the Biomechanics and Kinematics of the Lower Limbs during the First Step of Sprinters’ Start
(Xiao-Zhou Lu, Wei Liu, Gong-He Zhao, Yun-Xiang Fan)

This study aimed to compare the effects of three distinct resistance training methods, i.e., complex strength training (CST), plyometric training with additional loading (PT), and eccentric training (ET), on lower-limb biomechanics in the sagittal plane and on performance during the first step after pushing off the starting block. This study assessed the effects of the training protocols on sprint acceleration performance and muscular explosiveness in sprinters over an 8-week intervention period. Twenty-four male sprinters, with personal best times ranging from 11.00 to 11.70 s, were randomly assigned to one of the three groups: CST, PT or ET. Each group completed an 8-week training intervention. Kinematic and kinetic data for the first step off the starting block were synchronously collected using an infrared motion-capture system and force plates. The results indicated that CST was more effective than both PT and ET in enhancing step frequency, peak ground reaction force, lower-limb joint torque, and joint stiffness during the first step in sprinters. Accordingly, CST interventions may be particularly beneficial for improving sprint starts. These findings highlight the need for further long-term intervention studies to explore this potential in greater depth.